Papers

Paper 1: "A Celluloid Base: Symbolic Meanings and/or Technological 
Innovations in the Films of Karol Hiller and Stefan Themerson”
Irena Kossowska
Institute of Arts & Humanities, Polish Academy of Sciences
               Karol Hiller and Stefan Themerson were avant garde artists active in Poland in the 1930s. Hiller invented a new technique linking photography with printmaking, and his technological accomplishments conveyed both metaphysical and scientific meanings. For these reasons, his work was differently interpreted in different periods (pre- and post-1989). Themerson, primarily working with photograms, got involved with syntesthesia in the domain of film. I will show a 10-minute film produced by him in England c. 1940, which resulted from his earlier experimentation in Poland and anticipated experimental films. The question of the synesthetic capacities of the human brain and senses is still a subject that attracts the attention of both scientists and artists. Hiller's heliographic method and Themerson's transposition of music into 'moving pictures' have been appreciated as highly innovative when situated in their historical context. The era of digitalization introduced and developed far more innovative solutions in printmaking and film on a global scale.


Paper 2: Non Nova, Sed Nove: Reading the Balkan Baroques
Davor Džalto
University of Niš
            In this paper I address the problem of art after 1990 and its “centre” and “periphery” from two perspectives. The first one is the relation of this art (called “art in the age of global integrations” or “new modern art”) to its modernist tradition. The second one, closely related to the first, is the role of art as a social and ideological construct.
My claim is that art in the past 20 years witnesses the full realization of its very basic modernist principles. One of the most visible is the quest for “innovation,” as a typically modern (post Enlightenment) obsession, which entered general culture and became one of the leading principles of modern life. Another basic principle which comes to its peak is the role of art as a social and bourgeois construct, with primarily ideological and market purposes.
This can be seen in the way in which we define today what is “artistic” and what is not. This generally accepted principle, explicitly or implicitly, means that art is defined primarily as a “system,” a social institution rather than any substantial qualities that the artworks might have. Acceptance of something into the “class” of art is by no means innocent in respect to its market and ideological purposes. Ideological and political aspects of this process become especially important when we come to the issue of “periphery” and the way in which the “center” accepts and understands the “periphery.”
I will explore this point with the example of Marina Abramović and her performance-installation the “Balkan Baroque” from 1997. My claim is that the success of this work as well as Marina’s later success in the artworld, depends directly on a successful exploitation of the stereotypes related to the Balkans as a “periphery” of Europe and border region of the “West.” In other words, just as Kusturica did it in the movie production and Slavoj Žižek in philosophy, Marina presents to the western audience the image which conforms to the general expectations of both the elites and media (that create the “public mind”). In this respect the issue of the “center” and how it relates to the “periphery” becomes extremely ideological and political.
Based on this analysis I conclude that “innovation” as well as functioning of contemporary art as “institution” are very modernist concepts at their culmination. At the same time “center,” as another concept deeply rooted into the modern culture, does not disappear but becomes rather transformed from a geographical concept into the production of meaning. Consequently, as Marina’s case shows, “periphery” acquires its importance and, moreover, existence, only as a possibility to participate in the meaning produced by the “center(s).”

Paper 3: “From a Past Present to a Present Past: On Memory and
Detachment in the Photography of Heiko Krause”
Heiko Krause
Ernst Moritz Arndt Universität Greifswald
          Eine Schulfahrt führte Heiko Krause 1989 nach Leningrad - in der bewegten Zeit kurz nach dem Fall der Mauer, als auch im Land der 'Peristroika' wesentliche Lebensart und -unart mehr oder weniger öffentlich, aber unaufhaltsam auflösend in das moralische Gefüge der Sowjetgesellschaft einbrachen. Fünfzehn Jahre später kam er im Zuge eines deutsch-russischen Kunstprojektes ein zweites Mal in die Stadt an der Newa, nun wieder Sankt Petersburg und nach Moskau die wichtigste Metropole im neuen Russland. Es war eine der Erkundungsreisen, wie sie Künstler heute über den ganzen Erdball führen, auf der Suche nach Orten, wo das alltägliche Zeitgeschehen nicht hinter der Fassade touristischer Aufmachung zum Verschwinden gebracht werden kann. Es geht bei solchen Expeditionen ins geografische und mentale Ausland den 'Mutterboden' der Identität also das, was den Eindrücken Erdung gibt und die Kraft, zu Bildern zu werden. Für Heiko Krause waren diese Reisen insofern folgenreich, also sie ihm den Zugang zu einer Bildwelt freilegten, die er als kollektive im Sinn einer gemeinschaftlichen, aus Verlus gespeisten Erinnernungskultur erkannte. Krause hat solche Bilder gesammelt, wo immer sie ihm begegneten: Zuerst auf den russischen Flohmärkten mit ihrem reichen Angebot an nostalgischen Kostbarkeiten aller Art, später auf den virtuellen Handelsplätzen des Internets. Er nutzt sie als Ausgangsmaterial seiner Polaroids und transformiert sie weiter in den Kunst-Kontext, der sie in gewissem Unfang auch unkennlich macht. Aus Fetischen fremder Erinnerungen werden Träger visuelle Kompositionen, wo das Erinnerte wie in einem Bilderrätsel verschlüsselt zur Anschauung kommt, ohne dass der Autor etwas anderes als eine subjektive Pointe zur Auflösung bereit hielte.

Paper 4: “Beyond Deconstruction? On the Use and Meaning of the Wall in
the Architecture of Office Geers Van Severen”
Bart Verschaffel
University of Gent
          Does architecture necessarily serve metaphysics? What has been called 'deconstructionism' in architecture clearly has failed, by literally translating philosophy into form.  It finally became a signifier of a philosophy, instead of leading to a 'different' architecture. The production of Office Geers Van Severen assumes the constructive and affirmative power of architecture, with its traditional means and 
formal expressions (the wall, straight angles, transparency, etc.). But their architecture does not try to plan and control the way the buildings 'fit' in their environment. It creates 'margins' but without recuperating these margins as part of the design. Complexity and contradiction cannot/should not be designed: they have to happen, in the free play between architecture and the world.

 Paper 5: “Berlin. The Place to be for a Contemporary Art Gallery in the
1990s?“
Georg Meier
Ernst Moritz Arndt Universität Greifswald
          Ende der Achtziger Jahre gibt es in West-Berlin etwa 24 Galerien. Heute sind es etwa 470 in ganz Berlin. Mit dem Fall der Mauer wurde Berlin schnell zu dem Ort, an dem Künstler aus beiden Teilen Deutschlands ein neues kulturelles Zentrum schufen. Galerien aus dem ganzen Bundesgebiet sind den Künstlern nach Berlin gefolgt und neue Galerien entstanden. Aber während eine kleine Zahl von Galerien sehr erfolgreich war, haben die meisten Galerien keinen oder keinen großen wirtschaftlichen Erfolg gehabt. Ich werde mich im meinem Vortrag mit den Gründen und Lösungen für dieses Problem beschäftigen.

          There are about 24 galleries in the late eighties in West Berlin. Today there are about 470 in all of Berlin. With the end of GDR Berlin quickly became a place where artists from both parts of Germany created a new cultural center. Galleries from all over Germany have followed the artists to Berlin and new galleries were founded. But while a small number of Galleries was very successful most were and are struggling. In my talk I will look into the reasons and solutions for that problem.

Paper 6: “Levels of Innovation in Art”
Werner Fitzner
Ernst Moritz Arndt Universität Greifswald
           In meinem Vortrag unternehme ich den Versuch, inspiriert von der phänomenologischen Methode Edmund Husserls, verschiedene Hinsichten des Zusammenhangs von Kunst und Innovation zu kennzeichnen. Von der These ausgehend, dass wir Kunstwerke im ästhetischen Erfahren als Wertobjekte konstituieren, gehe ich, bezogen auf die Thematik des Kolloquiums, zum einen der Frage nach, wie wir innovative Kunstwerke erfahren und zum anderen der Frage, wie wir Kunstwerke in innovativer Weise erfahren oder anders zum Gegenstand machen.